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Table 1 Summary statistics of d-loop sequences from 13 spatiotemporal groups of ancient domesticated cattle

From: The genetic prehistory of domesticated cattle from their origin to the spread across Europe

Ancient samples

# Sequences

# Haplotypes

Ĥ

π

Tajima's D

(P-value)

Fu's Fs

(P-value)

IR 7,000-5,000 BCE

10

8

0.96 +/- 0.06

2.82 +/- 1.62

−0.49 (0.33)

−3.77 (0.01)

IR/S 4,000-1,400 BCE

6

4

0.80 +/- 0.17

3.80 +/- 2.22

−0.79 (0.27)

0.67 (0.59)

IT 6,000-5,500 BCE

5

2

0.40 +/- 0.24

0.80 +/- 0.68

−0.97 (0.20)

1.04 (0.63)

SECE 5,100-4,000 BCE

20

6

0.52 +/- 0.13

1.30 +/- 0.85

−1.12 (0.13)

−1.48 (0.14)

SEE 6,200-5,500 BCE

34

6

0.62 +/- 0.05

1.26 +/- 0.82

0.08 (0.58)

−0.79 (0.32)

SEE 5,500-5,000 BCE

21

7

0.78 +/- 0.06

1.79 +/- 1.08

0.12 (0.57)

0.37 (0.60)

SEE 5,000-4,000 BCE

8

4

0.79 +/- 0.11

2.11 +/- 1.31

−0.42 (0.37)

0.26 (0.54)

SEE 2,700-2,200 BCE

7

5

0.81 +/- 0.13

1.62 +/- 1.08

−0.04 (0.47)

−0.54 (0.22)

SF 5,500-4,500 BCE

8

1

0.00 +/- 0.00

0.00 +/- 0.00

-

-

SP 2,700-1,600 BCE

12

4

0.45 +/- 0.17

1.30 +/- 0.87

−1.71 (0.04)

−0.05 (0.47)

WA 6,400-5,700 BCE

8

4

0.64 +/- 0.18

0.79 +/- 0.63

−2.14 (0.00)

−1.73 (0.02)

CWE 5,400-4,400 BCE

26

4

0.22 +/- 0.11

0.45 +/- 0.41

−1.53 (0.03)

−0.24 (0.32)

CWE 4,400-2,500 BCE

28

9

0.50 +/- 0.12

0.91 +/- 0.65

−2.08 (0.01)

−4.55 (0.00)

  1. IR/S: Iran/Syria, IT: Italy, SECE: Southeastern Central Europe, SEE: Southeastern Europe, SF: Southern France, SP: Spain, WA: Western Anatolia, and CWE: Central/Western Europe. Numbers in the first column indicate the age of the samples in BCE. Ĥ: Haplotype diversity, π: mean number of pairwise differences. Significant Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs value at the 0.05 level are highlighted in bold.