Fig. 4

Expression level of putative effector encoding genes from Trichoderma in confrontation with Rhizoctonia solani AG5. a T. atroviride – R. solani AG5 culture plates before contact (BC), at initial contact (C) and at overgrowth (OG) stages. b – e, expression level of the selected genes tvlysm1, tvsep3, tvhydii1 and tvmp1 from T. virens. f-g, expression level of the selected genes talysm1, tacfem1 and epl2 from T. atroviride. BC, before contact between both fungi; C, initial contact of the fungi; OG, growth of Trichoderma over R. solani AG5. 2^(−ΔΔCt) values represent the change in the expression level of each gene compared to the control condition (fungus growing alone), which has a designated value of 1 (dotted line). Data were analyzed with a two-way ANOVA and a Bonferroni post hoc test; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. Values represent means of three replicates, bars indicate standard deviation