Fig. 4

Bayesian clustering representation for populations of Arapaima gigas using 392 SNP markers in STRUCTURE v. 2.3.4 [63]. a Analysis of five populations (n = 60 individuals; optimal Evanno’s K = 2). b Graphical representation of optimal number of clusters (K) across the five studied populations determined by Evanno’s method, where highest Delta K indicate the real number of populations [64], indicated by delta K peaking at K = 2. c Geographical representation of structure results for the global population